This article was featured in Eurofish Magazine 1 2026.
Shellfish farming and pond aquaculture are increasingly recognised as key nature-based solutions that can align food production with biodiversity conservation and climate action across Europe. Bivalve mollusc farming in marine and coastal waters, together with fish farming in ponds and wetlands, delivers a broad range of ecosystem services that support healthy ecosystems while sustaining rural and coastal livelihoods. These benefits are highlighted in a recently published study by the European Climate, Infrastructure and Environment Executive Agency (CINEA) of the European Commission. The study underlines how marine bivalve aquaculture enhances biodiversity by creating complex habitats that function as ecological reefs, supporting fish, birds and benthic communities. At the same time, bivalves improve water quality through filtration and nutrient cycling, helping to reduce eutrophication and contributing to climate mitigation thanks to their low greenhouse gas footprint
Pond and wetland aquaculture is shown to play an equally important role. Extensive fishponds and lagoons provide habitats for migratory birds and amphibians, regulate water flows, retain water during droughts and help buffer local microclimates. Beyond environmental benefits, these systems preserve cultural landscapes and contribute to regional resilience. The study concludes that recognising and rewarding these ecosystem services—through targeted policies, improved governance and payments for ecosystem services—could unlock the full potential of shellfish and pond aquaculture as pillars of Europe’s sustainable food systems.
